The importance of water management in countries affected by drought

Introduction

Water is one of the most important and vital natural resources for the survival and growth of human societies. With population growth and climate change, countries that are severely drought-prone are facing major water management challenges.

Drought is defined as less-than-long-term average rainfall, meaning reduced water resources. This phenomenon is the most widespread problem of water resources, which is gradually increasing in the whole world, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. economy, society and environment.

First part: Understanding drought and influencing factors

Drought is the result of an incorrect balance between water needs and available water resources in a region. The causes of this increase in droughts are diverse and complex, including climate change, excessive exploitation of water resources, decrease in rainfall, decrease in groundwater levels, forest destruction and desertification, irresponsible transfer of water resources, and population growth. These factors reduce the water resources and increase the water needs of the society and aggravate the drought. To deal with the drought, effective and economical water management is of great importance. This type of management should be done in a sustainable, intelligent manner, with an emphasis on prioritizing needs, balancing between different uses, and maintaining aquatic ecosystems. Also, it is necessary to develop and use new technologies for intelligent water management and optimal use of water resources. Among the main solutions of water management in countries affected by drought, we can mention the restoration of canals and dams, optimization of underground water, modification of the agricultural model, increasing efficiency in water consumption in different sectors and implementation of water resources development plans. /p>

Second Part: The effect of water management in reducing drought

Appropriate and intelligent water management in countries affected by drought can significantly have positive effects in reducing drought. This type of management, instead of focusing on the production and excessive consumption of water, improves the efficiency of consumption, maintains the quality of water resources, implements sustainable development plans of water resources, and restores water ecosystems.

In this context, interaction and Cooperation between government, private sector and society is very important. Also, water management requires detailed planning, national water management policies, development of new technologies and creation of appropriate laws and regulations. These measures are very vital to preserve water resources, prevent sudden droughts, and help balance aquatic ecosystems.

Conclusion

Considering the water challenges that many countries are involved in, proper and smart water management is inevitable in drought-stricken countries. Implementation of management programs for the purpose of sustainable exploitation of water resources, maintaining water quality, intelligent management of water demand and restoration of water ecosystems, provides the possibility of creating a balance between water needs and water resources and helps to reduce the negative effects of drought. Also, cooperation and interaction between the government, private sector and civil society in this field is of great importance so that we can use water sustainably and avoid the negative effects of drought.

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